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Clinical Outcomes and Risk Factors of Rebleeding Following Endoscopic Therapy for Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
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Ki Tae Suk, Hyun-Soo Kim, Chang Seob Lee, Il Young Lee, Moon Young Kim, Jae Woo Kim, Soon Koo Baik, Sang Ok Kwon, Dong Ki Lee, Young Lim Ham
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Clin Endosc 2011;44(2):93-100. Published online December 31, 2011
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2011.44.2.93
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 Abstract
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- Background/Aims
Rebleeding after endoscopic therapy for non-variceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (NGIH) is the most important predictive factor of mortality. We evaluated the risk factors of rebleeding in patients undergoing endoscopic therapy for the NGIH. MethodsBetween January 2003 and January 2007, 554 bleeding events in 487 patients who underwent endoscopic therapy for NGIH were retrospectively enrolled. We reviewed the clinicoendoscopical characteristics of patients with rebleeding and compared them with those of patients without rebleeding. ResultsThe incidence of rebleeding was 21.7% (n=120). In the multivariate analysis, initial hemoglobin level ≤9 g/dL (p=0.002; odds ratio [OR], 2.433), inexperienced endoscopist with less than 2 years of experience in therapeutic endoscopy (p=0.001; OR, 2.418), the need for more 15 cc of epinephrine (p=0.001; OR, 2.570), injection therapy compared to thermal and injection therapy (p=0.001; OR, 2.840), and comorbidity with chronic renal disease (p=0.004; OR, 2.908) or liver cirrhosis (p=0.010; OR, 2.870) were risk factors for rebleeding following endoscopic therapy. ConclusionsTogether with patients with low hemoglobin level at presentation, chronic renal disease, liver cirrhosis, the need for more 15 cc of epinephrine, or therapy done by inexperienced endoscopist were risk factors for the development of rebleeding.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by  - Dieulafoy’s lesion of the upper GI tract: a comprehensive nationwide database analysis
Yichen Wang, Pardeep Bansal, Si Li, Zaid Iqbal, Mahesh Cheryala, Marwan S. Abougergi
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Revista Española de Enfermedades Digestivas.2018;[Epub] CrossRef - Continuing use of antithrombotic medications for patients with bleeding gastroduodenal ulcer requiring endoscopic hemostasis: a case–control study
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Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology.2017; : 1. CrossRef - Multidisciplinary Approach to Refractory Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Case Series of Angiographic Embolization
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Journal of Korean Medical Science.2017; 32(9): 1552. CrossRef - Successful Endoscopic Hemostasis Is a Protective Factor for Rebleeding and Mortality in Patients with Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
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Digestive Diseases and Sciences.2016; 61(7): 2011. CrossRef - Rebleeding after Initial Endoscopic Hemostasis in Peptic Ulcer Disease
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Journal of Korean Medical Science.2014; 29(10): 1411. CrossRef - Chronic Kidney Disease, Hemodynamic Instability, and Endoscopic High-Risk Appearance Are Associated with 30-Day Rebleeding in Patients with Non-Variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Yoo Jin Lee, Eun Soo Kim, Yu Jin Hah, Kyung Sik Park, Kwang Bum Cho, Byoung Kuk Jang, Woo Jin Chung, Jae Seok Hwang
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2013; 28(10): 1500. CrossRef
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