Clinical Endoscopy

Original Articles

Endoscopic predictors of iron deficiency in Helicobacter pylori gastritis: a Kyoto classification-based study: Hyun Tak Lee, Ah Young Lee, Hyesun Hong, Jun-young Seo; Received May 29, 2025 Accepted July 10, 2025 Published online November 6, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2025.175 [Epub ahead of print]

Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Background
/Aims: Helicobacter pylori infection is reportedly associated with iron-deficiency anemia. However, little is known about the association between the endoscopic features of H. pylori in the Kyoto classification of gastritis and iron deficiency. Therefore, we analyzed the endoscopic features of H. pylori gastritis and studied the association between these endoscopic features and iron deficiency.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed patients diagnosed with H. pylori gastritis between May 2022 and June 2023 who also underwent laboratory tests, including anemia profiling. Iron deficiency was defined as a ferritin level below 55 μg/L. Multivariate analysis was used to assess the association between endoscopic features and iron deficiency.
Results
Of the included patients, 47 had iron deficiency. Female patients were significantly more common in the iron-deficient group (87.2% vs. 33.4%, p<0.001). Endoscopically, nodularity (46.8% vs. 23.4%, p=0.001) and hyperplastic polyps (17.0% vs. 3.7%, p=0.001) were more common in patients with iron deficiency. Multivariate analysis identified younger age, female sex, and larger hyperplastic polyps (≥5 mm) as independent risk factors for iron deficiency.
Conclusions
Younger age, female sex, and larger hyperplastic polyps (≥5 mm) are associated with iron deficiency in patients with H. pylori gastritis. These features may help identify patients at higher risk of iron deficiency.

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Influence of sarcopenia on clinical outcomes in peptic ulcer bleeding: a retrospective single-center analysis in Korea: Ji Hoon Yu, Hyun Tak Lee, Seok Ki Jang, Ah Young Lee, Jun-young Seo; Clin Endosc 2025;58(3):425-437. Published online January 21, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2024.209

Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Background
/Aims: Peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB) is a major cause of nonvariceal gastrointestinal bleeding. As the older population increases, the prevalence of sarcopenia is also growing. Although sarcopenia influences the prognosis of various diseases, its association with clinical outcomes of PUB remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to explore this correlation.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 2,050 patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy for suspected gastrointestinal bleeding between January 2014 and December 2021. Patients who underwent computed tomography scans were included for sarcopenia evaluation based on the psoas muscle index, defined as the total psoas area normalized by the square of the height of the patient. Sarcopenia was defined using specific cutoffs: ≤7.3 cm2/m2 and ≤5.1 cm2/m2 for men and women, respectively. The primary outcome measured was the 30-day mortality rate.
Results
Out of 358 patients, 149 were diagnosed with sarcopenia. The 30-day mortality rate was significantly higher in patients with sarcopenia than in those without. Multivariate regression analysis revealed significant associations between sarcopenia, a high age, blood tests, and comorbidity score, and administration of inotropic agents with 30-day mortality.
Conclusions
Our study showed that the presence of sarcopenia, elevated comorbidity scores, and use of inotropes were associated with higher 30-day mortality rates. Considering that sarcopenia may influence the clinical outcomes in patients with PUB, it is crucial to manage patients with sarcopenia with particular care.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Sarcopenia in the era of aging populations: its clinical implications for peptic ulcer bleeding
Hiroyuki Hisada, Yosuke Tsuji, Mitsuhiro Fujishiro
Clinical Endoscopy.2025; 58(3): 401. CrossRef

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2 Web of Science
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