Clinical Endoscopy

Review

Endoscopic findings of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related gastrointestinal adverse events: Min Kyu Kim, Sung Wook Hwang; Clin Endosc 2024;57(6):725-734. Published online August 29, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2024.003

The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for the treatment of various malignancies is increasing. Immune-related adverse events can occur after ICI administration, with gastrointestinal adverse events constituting a significant proportion of these events. When ICI-related diarrhea/colitis is suspected, endoscopic evaluation is recommended to differentiate it from other etiologies and assess the severity of colitis. The distribution of intestinal inflammation in ICI-related colitis demonstrates a high frequency of extensive colitis (23–86%). However, isolated right-sided colitis (3–8%) and ileitis (2–16%) are less prevalent. Endoscopic findings vary and predominantly encompass features indicative of inflammatory bowel disease, including aphthae, ulcers, diffuse or patchy erythema, mucosal edema, loss of vascular pattern, and friability. The presence of ulcers and extensive intestinal inflammation are associated with a reduced response to treatment. Microscopic inflammation can be observed even in endoscopically normal mucosa, underscoring the need for biopsies of seemingly normal mucosa. Histological findings present with acute/chronic inflammation and occasionally exhibit characteristics observed in inflammatory bowel disease, microscopic colitis, or ischemic colitis. The first-line therapeutic choice for ICI-related diarrhea/colitis with a common terminology criteria for adverse events grade of 2 or above is corticosteroids, whereas infliximab and vedolizumab are recommended for refractory cases.

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Who is at risk for immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis among Korean patients?
Ji Hyun Kim, Sung Chul Park
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2025; 40(1): 3. CrossRef
A Case Report of Metastatic Melanoma in the Transverse Colon
Sophia Bee Ting Tan, Michael Lamparelli
Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
CD8+ cell dominance in immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis and its heterogeneity across endoscopic features
Min Kyu Kim, Hye-Nam Son, Seung Wook Hong, Sang Hyoung Park, Dong-Hoon Yang, Byong Duk Ye, Jeong-Sik Byeon, Seung-Jae Myung, Suk-Kyun Yang, Shinkyo Yoon, Sung Wook Hwang
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Original Articles

Preclinical study of a novel ingestible bleeding sensor for upper gastrointestinal bleeding: Kimberly F. Schuster, Christopher C. Thompson, Marvin Ryou; Clin Endosc 2024;57(1):73-81. Published online May 31, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2022.293

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Background
/Aims: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a life-threatening condition that necessitates early identification and intervention and is associated with substantial morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomic burden. However, several diagnostic challenges remain regarding risk stratification and the optimal timing of endoscopy. The PillSense System is a noninvasive device developed to detect blood in patients with UGIB in real time. This study aimed to assess the safety and performance characteristics of PillSense using a simulated bleeding model.
Methods
A preclinical study was performed using an in vivo porcine model (14 animals). Fourteen PillSense capsules were endoscopically placed in the stomach and blood was injected into the stomach to simulate bleeding. The safety and sensitivity of blood detection and pill excretion were also investigated.
Results
All the sensors successfully detected the presence or absence of blood. The minimum threshold was 9% blood concentration, with additional detection of increasing concentrations of up to 22.5% blood. All the sensors passed naturally through the gastrointestinal tract.
Conclusions
This study demonstrated the ability of the PillSense System sensor to detect UGIB across a wide range of blood concentrations. This ingestible device detects UGIB in real time and has the potential to be an effective tool to supplement the current standard of care. These favorable results will be further investigated in future clinical studies.

Citations

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Ingestible electrochemical sensors: Emerging tools for gastrointestinal disease detection and monitoring
Zhaodong Wang
International Journal of Electrochemical Science.2025; 20(3): 100952. CrossRef
Miniaturized Capsule System Toward Real‐Time Electrochemical Detection of H2S in the Gastrointestinal Tract
Justin M. Stine, Katie L. Ruland, Luke A. Beardslee, Joshua A. Levy, Hossein Abianeh, Santiago Botasini, Pankaj J. Pasricha, Reza Ghodssi
Advanced Healthcare Materials.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Endoscopy Timing in Patients with Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Gonçalo Alexandrino, Tiago Dias Domingues, Rita Carvalho, Mariana Nuno Costa, Luís Carvalho Lourenço, Jorge Reis; Clin Endosc 2019;52(1):47-52. Published online October 5, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2018.093

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background
/Aims: The role of very early (≤12 hours) endoscopy in nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding is controversial. We aimed to compare results of very early and early (12–24 hours) endoscopy in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding demonstrating low-risk versus high-risk features and nonvariceal versus variceal bleeding.
Methods
This retrospective study included patients with nonvariceal and variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The primary outcome was a composite of inpatient death, rebleeding, or need for surgery or intensive care unit admission. Endoscopy timing was defined as very early and early. We performed the analysis in two subgroups: (1) high-risk vs. low-risk patients and (2) variceal vs. nonvariceal bleeding.
Results
A total of 102 patients were included, of whom 59.8% underwent urgent endoscopy. Patients who underwent very early endoscopy received endoscopic therapy more frequently (p=0.001), but there was no improvement in other clinical outcomes. Furthermore, patients at low risk and with nonvariceal bleeding who underwent very early endoscopy had a higher risk of the composite outcome.
Conclusions
Very early endoscopy does not seem to be associated with improved clinical outcomes and may lead to poorer outcomes in specific populations with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The actual benefit of very early endoscopy remains controversial and should be further clarified.

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Impact of duration to endoscopy in patients with non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: propensity score matching analysis of real-world data from Thailand
Arunchai Chang, Natthawat Sitthinamsuwan, Nuttanit Pungpipattrakul, Kittiphan Chienwichai, Keerati Akarapatima, Sorawat Sangkaew, Manus Rugivarodom, Attapon Rattanasupar, Bancha Ovartlarnporn, Varayu Prachayakul
BMC Gastroenterology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Acute Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients Using Anticoagulants: Does the Timing of Endoscopy Affect Outcomes?
Tiago Lima Capela, Vítor Macedo Silva, Marta Freitas, Tiago Cúrdia Gonçalves, José Cotter
Digestive Diseases and Sciences.2024; 69(2): 570. CrossRef
The Time of Endoscopy for Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: An Observational Study
Seong Woo Jeon, Joong Goo Kwon, Ju Yup Lee, Si Hyung Lee, Ho Jin Lee
The Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research.2024; 24(3): 267. CrossRef
Endoscopia urgente frente a endoscopia precoz: ¿tiene algún papel la endoscopia urgente en la hemorragia digestiva alta aguda no varicosa?
Javier Lucas Ramos, Jorge Yebra Carmona, Irene Andaluz García, Marta Cuadros Martínez, Patricia Mayor Delgado, Maria Ángeles Ruiz Ramírez, Joaquín Poza Cordón, Cristina Suárez Ferrer, Ana Delgado Suárez, Nerea Gonzalo Bada, Consuelo Froilán Torres
Gastroenterología y Hepatología.2023; 46(8): 612. CrossRef
Urgent endoscopy versus early endoscopy: Does urgent endoscopy play a role in acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding?
Javier Lucas Ramos, Jorge Yebra Carmona, Irene Andaluz García, Marta Cuadros Martínez, Patricia Mayor Delgado, Maria Ángeles Ruiz Ramírez, Joaquín Poza Cordón, Cristina Suárez Ferrer, Ana Delgado Suárez, Nerea Gonzalo Bada, Consuelo Froilán Torres
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Clinical outcome of early endoscopy in patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in Alexandria emergency department
Mina Montasser, Wael Nabil Abdel Salam, Amany Elbanna, Dina Magdy, Ahmed A. Sabry
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Az akut gastroduodenalis fekélyvérzés gyógyszeres és endoszkópos kezelésének újabb szempontjai
István Rácz
Orvosi Hetilap.2023; 164(23): 883. CrossRef
How Can Patient’s Risk Dictate the Timing of Endoscopy in Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding?
Marta Freitas, Vítor Macedo Silva, Tiago Cúrdia Gonçalves, Carla Marinho, José Cotter
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Impacto del tiempo a la endoscopia digestiva en pacientes con hemorragia de tubo digestivo alto no variceal: una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis
H.G. Bilder, C. Soccini, J.S. Lasa, I. Zubiaurre
Revista de Gastroenterología de México.2022; 87(3): 320. CrossRef
Impact of time to esophagogastroduodenoscopy in patients with nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: A systematic review and meta-analysis
H.G. Bilder, C. Soccini, J.S. Lasa, I. Zubiaurre
Revista de Gastroenterología de México (English Edition).2022; 87(3): 320. CrossRef
Urgent Endoscopy in Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage: A Retrospective Analysis
Jia-lun Guan, Ying-ying Han, Dan Fang, Mu-ru Wang, Ge Wang, De-an Tian, Pei-yuan Li
Current Medical Science.2022; 42(4): 856. CrossRef
Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a clinical review
Katherine Haggan, Gerri Mortimore
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Endoscopic management of acute oesophageal variceal bleeding within 12 hours of admission is superior to 12–24 hours
N Mousa, A Abdel-Razik, T Sheta, A G Deiab, A Habib, M Diasty, A Eldesoky, A Taha, E Mousa, A Yassen, A Fathy, A Elgamal
British Journal of Biomedical Science.2021; 78(3): 130. CrossRef
Endoscopic diagnosis and management of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (NVUGIH): European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline – Update 2021
Ian M. Gralnek, Adrian J. Stanley, A. John Morris, Marine Camus, James Lau, Angel Lanas, Stig B. Laursen, Franco Radaelli, Ioannis S. Papanikolaou, Tiago Cúrdia Gonçalves, Mario Dinis-Ribeiro, Halim Awadie, Georg Braun, Nicolette de Groot, Marianne Udd, A
Endoscopy.2021; 53(03): 300. CrossRef
Optimal timing of endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Elettra Merola, Andrea Michielan, Giovanni de Pretis
Internal and Emergency Medicine.2021; 16(5): 1331. CrossRef
Which scoring system should be used for non‐variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding? Old or new?
Hong Jae Jeon, Hee Seok Moon, In Sun Kwon, Sun Hyung Kang, Jae Kyu Sung, Hyun Yong Jeong
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2021; 36(10): 2819. CrossRef
Biopsy in emergency gastroscopy does not increase the risk of rebleeding in patients with Forrest I acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding combined with suspected malignant gastric ulcer: a multicenter retrospective cohort study
Quchuan Zhao, Tianyu Chi
BMC Gastroenterology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
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Ziad Aljarad, Bashir Badawi Mobayed
Annals of Medicine and Surgery.2021; 71: 102958. CrossRef
Validation of a new risk score system for non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Min Seong Kim, Hee Seok Moon, In Sun Kwon, Jae Ho Park, Ju Seok Kim, Sun Hyung Kang, Jae Kyu Sung, Eaum Seok Lee, Seok Hyun Kim, Byung Seok Lee, Hyun Yong Jeong
BMC Gastroenterology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Interventional Algorithm in Gastrointestinal Bleeding—An Expert Consensus Multimodal Approach Based on a Multidisciplinary Team
Anabela Rodrigues, Alexandre Carrilho, Nuno Almeida, Cilénia Baldaia, Ângela Alves, Manuela Gomes, Luciana Gonçalves, António Robalo Nunes, Carla Leal Pereira, Mário Jorge Silva, José Aguiar, Rosário Orfão, Pedro Duarte, Rui Tato Marinho
Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Photoacoustic endoscopy: A progress review
Heng Guo, Ying Li, Weizhi Qi, Lei Xi
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Upper gastrointestinal bleeding: Is only an injection of epinephrine sufficient? Success rates by Forrest classification
Ahmet Surek, Eyup Gemici, Abdussamet Bozkurt, Mehmet Karabulut
Sanamed.2020; 15(3): 309. CrossRef
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Current Controversies Concerning Capsule Endoscopy
David R. Cave, Shahrad Hakimian, Krunal Patel
Digestive Diseases and Sciences.2019; 64(11): 3040. CrossRef

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Focused Review Series: Endoscopy in Children

Advanced Therapeutic Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in Children – Today and Tomorrow: Zaheer Nabi, Duvvur Nageshwar Reddy; Clin Endosc 2018;51(2):142-149. Published online December 12, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2017.102

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy plays an indispensable role in the diagnosis and management of various pediatric GI disorders. While the pace of development of pediatric GI endoscopy has increased over the years, it remains sluggish compared to the advancements in GI endoscopic interventions available in adults. The predominant reasons that explain this observation include lack of formal training courses in advanced pediatric GI interventions, economic constraints in establishing a pediatric endoscopy unit, and unavailability of pediatric-specific devices and accessories. However, the situation is changing and more pediatric GI specialists are now performing complex GI procedures such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic ultrasonography for various pancreatico-biliary diseases and more recently, per-oral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia cardia. Endoscopic procedures are associated with reduced morbidity and mortality compared to open surgery for GI disorders. Notable examples include chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic fluid collections, various biliary diseases, and achalasia cardia for which previously open surgery was the treatment modality of choice. A solid body of evidence supports the safety and efficacy of endoscopic management in adults. However, additions continue to be made to literature describing the pediatric population. An important consideration in children includes size of children, which in turn determines the selection of endoscopes and type of sedation that can be used for the procedure.

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Pediatric endoscopic retrograde pancreatography expertise in chronic pancreatitis: a single-center analysis
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Adam Przybyłkowski, Piotr Nehring
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Christopher Chu, Paul Tran, Christopher Moreau, Jacob A. Mark, Robert E. Kramer, Travis L. Piester
Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition.2023; 77(3): 407. CrossRef
Endoscopic Ultrasound-guided Hepaticogastrostomy in a Seven-year-old Girl
Shigeto Ishii, Hiroyuki Koga, Hiroaki Saito, Shogo Seo, Mako Ushio, Sho Takahashi, Yusuke Takasaki, Akinori Suzuki, Koichi Ito, Kazushige Ochiai, Ko Tomishima, Toshio Fujisawa, Atsuyuki Yamataka, Shuichiro Shiina, Hiroyuki Isayama
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Interventional endoscopy for abdominal transplant patients
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Acute recurrent and chronic pancreatitis in children
Mitsuyoshi Suzuki, Kei Minowa, Hiroyuki Isayama, Toshiaki Shimizu
Pediatrics International.2021; 63(2): 137. CrossRef
Evolution in the Practice of Pediatric Endoscopy and Sedation
Conrad B. Cox, Trevor Laborda, J. Matthew Kynes, Girish Hiremath
Frontiers in Pediatrics.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
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The Roles of Endoscopic Ultrasound and Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in the Evaluation and Treatment of Chronic Pancreatitis in Children
Quin Y. Liu, Roberto Gugig, David M. Troendle, Samuel Bitton, Nishant Patel, David S. Vitale, Maisam Abu‐El‐Haija, Sohail Z. Husain, Veronique D. Morinville
Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.2020; 70(5): 681. CrossRef
Genetic Abnormalities in Pancreatitis: An Update on Diagnosis, Clinical Features, and Treatment
Mitsuyoshi Suzuki, Kei Minowa, Satoshi Nakano, Hiroyuki Isayama, Toshiaki Shimizu
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Outcome of radiological interventions in pediatric gastrointestinal diseases: A large tertiary center experience
Zaheer Nabi, Jagadeesh R Singh, Arafat Haris, Upender Shava, Radhika Chavan, Duvvur Nageshwar Reddy
JGH Open.2019; 3(2): 140. CrossRef
Choledocholithiasis treated with a pediatric duodenoscope in a neonate
Akihiko Kida, Koichiro Matsuda, Akito Sakai
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INTRALUMINAL ENDOSCOPY IN CHILDREN - PAST, PRESENT, FUTURE
Maksim M. Lokhmatov, T. N. Budkina, V. I. Oldakovsky, A. V. Tupylenko, S. I. Ibragimov
Russian Pediatric Journal.2019; 21(4): 230. CrossRef
Gastrointestinal Polyposis in Pediatric Patients
Suzanne P. MacFarland, Kristin Zelley, Bryson W. Katona, Benjamin J. Wilkins, Garrett M. Brodeur, Petar Mamula
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Endoscopic treatment of chronic pancreatitis in pediatric population: Long‐term efficacy and safety
D Kohoutova, A Tringali, G Papparella, V Perri, I Boškoski, J Hamanaka, G Costamagna
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Pancreatic disorders in children: New clues on the horizon
Claudia Della Corte, Simona Faraci, Fabio Majo, Vincenzina Lucidi, Douglas S. Fishman, Valerio Nobili
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Original Article

Considerable Variability of Procedural Sedation and Analgesia Practices for Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Procedures in Europe: Hermanus H. B. Vaessen, Johannes T. A. Knape; Clin Endosc 2016;49(1):47-55. Published online January 28, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2016.49.1.47

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background
/Aims: The use of moderate to deep sedation for gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures has increased in Europe considerably. Because this level of sedation is a risky medical procedure, a number of international guidelines have been developed. This survey aims to review if, and if so which, quality aspects have been included in new sedation practices when compared to traditional uncontrolled sedation practices.
Methods
A questionnaire was sent to the National Associations of Nurse Anesthetists in Europe and the National Delegates of the European Section and Board of Anaesthesiology from January 2012 to August 2012.
Results
Huge variation in practices for moderate to deep sedation were identified between and within European countries in terms of safety, type of practitioners, responsibilities, monitoring, informed consent, patient satisfaction, complication registration, and training requirements. Seventy-five percent of respondents were not familiar with international sedation guidelines. Safe sedation practices (mainly propofol-based moderate to deep sedation) are rapidly gaining popularity.
Conclusions
The risky medical procedure of moderate to deep sedation has become common practice for gastrointestinal endoscopy. Safe sedation practices requiring adequate selection of patients, adequate monitoring, training of sedation practitioners, and adequate after-care, are gaining attention in a field that is in transition from uncontrolled sedation care to controlled sedation care.

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Andrea Minciullo, Lucia Filomeno
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Yaorui Sun, Shujiao Liu, Wenli Si, Quanyi Zhang, Fei Yu, Ming Su, Chao Sun
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Enci Ye, Keyang Wu, Hui Ye, Wenyuan Zhang, Lihua Chu, Kai Zhang, Guohao Xie, Yue Jin, Xiangming Fang
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.2023; 89(11): 3401. CrossRef
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Yafei Xu, Yuling Zheng, Tianying Tang, Lvlv Chen, Yiwen Zhang, Zhongqi Zhang
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Xiu-Ru Qi, Jing-Yi Sun, Li-Xin An, Ke Zhang
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Lili Tang, Chenxuan Ye, Nan Wang, Chen Chen, Sirui Chen, Shan Gao, Xuesheng Liu
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Yuling Zheng, Yafei Xu, Bixin Huang, Ying Mai, Yiwen Zhang, Zhongqi Zhang
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Toshihiro Nishizawa, Shuntaro Yoshida, Osamu Toyoshima, Tatsuya Matsuno, Masataka Irokawa, Toru Arano, Hirotoshi Ebinuma, Hidekazu Suzuki, Takanori Kanai, Kazuhiko Koike
Clinical Endoscopy.2021; 54(6): 851. CrossRef
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Fahima Dossa, Braeden Medeiros, Christine Keng, Sergio A. Acuna, Nancy N. Baxter
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2020; 91(5): 1015. CrossRef
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Bharat Amlani, Franco Radaelli, Pradeep Bhandari, Magdalena Grce
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Claudia Fernandez-Robles, Adriana D. Oprea
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Hiroto Suzuki, Masanao Nakamura, Takeshi Yamamura, Keiko Maeda, Tsunaki Sawada, Yasuyuki Mizutani, Takuya Ishikawa, Kazuhiro Furukawa, Eizaburo Ohno, Takashi Honda, Hiroki Kawashima, Masatoshi Ishigami, Mitsuhiro Fujishiro
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Hey-Long Ching, Federica Branchi, David S Sanders, David Turnbull, Reena Sidhu
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Megan L. Allen
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Jihyun Lee, Ki-Nam Shim, Kang Hoon Lee, Ko Eun Lee, Ji Young Chang, Chung Hyun Tae, Chang Mo Moon, Seong-Eun Kim, Hye-Kyung Jung, Sung-Ae Jung
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Nonoperating room anesthesia for endoscopic procedures
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Remimazolam: A New Ultra Short Acting Benzodiazepine

Journal of Anesthesia & Critical Care: Open Access.2016;[Epub] CrossRef

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Focused Review Series: Updates on Gastrointestinal and Pancreaticobiliary Stents

Recent Advances in Gastrointestinal Stent Development: Jin-Seok Park, Seok Jeong, Don Haeng Lee; Clin Endosc 2015;48(3):209-215. Published online May 29, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2015.48.3.209

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Endoscopic stenting is increasingly being used in the management of gastrointestinal luminal obstruction, and has become the current treatment of choice for the palliation of blockage caused by malignant or benign growths. A variety of stents have been developed to enhance the efficacy of the procedure, and improvements are ongoing. In this article, we review the history of, and recent advances in, gastrointestinal stenting. We describe the rationale behind the design as well as the resulting outcome for each stent type.

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Special Issue Article of IDEN 2013

Endoscopic Management of Refractory Benign Colorectal Strictures: Yong Hwan Kwon, Seong Woo Jeon, Yong Kook Lee; Clin Endosc 2013;46(5):472-475. Published online September 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2013.46.5.472

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

In colonoscopic study, benign colorectal strictures with or without symptomatic pain are not rarely encountered. Benign colorectal stricture can be caused by a number of problems, such as anastomotic stricture after surgery, inflammatory bowel disease, postendoscopic submucosal dissection, diverticular disease, ischemic colitis, and so on. There are various modalities for the management of benign colorectal stricture. Endoscopic balloon dilatation is generally considered as the primary treatment for benign colorectal stricture. In refractory benign colorectal strictures, several treatment sessions of balloon dilatation are needed for successful dilatation. The self-expandable metal stent and many combined techniques are performed at present. However, there is no specific algorithmic modality for refractory benign colorectal strictures.

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Reviews

A Review of Current Disinfectants for Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Reprocessing: Sanghoon Park, Jae Young Jang, Ja Seol Koo, Jeong Bae Park, Yun Jeong Lim, Su Jin Hong, Sang-Woo Kim, Hoon Jai Chun, Disinfection Management Committee, The Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy; Clin Endosc 2013;46(4):337-341. Published online July 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2013.46.4.337

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Gastrointestinal endoscopy is gaining popularity for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. However, concerns over endoscope-related nosocomial infections are increasing, together with interest by the general public in safe and efficient endoscopy. For this reason, reprocessing the gastrointestinal endoscope is an important step for effective performance of endoscopy. Disinfectants are essential to the endoscope reprocessing procedure. Before selecting an appropriate disinfectant, their characteristics, limitations and means of use must be fully understood. Herein, we review the characteristics of several currently available disinfectants, including their uses, potency, advantages, and disadvantages. Most disinfectants can be used to reprocess gastrointestinal endoscopes if the manufacturer's guidelines are followed. The selection and use of a suitable disinfectant depends on the individual circumstances of each endoscopy suite.

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Recent Update of Gastrointestinal Endoscope Reprocessing: Kyong Hee Hong, Yun Jeong Lim; Clin Endosc 2013;46(3):267-273. Published online May 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2013.46.3.267

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

As infection-related issues have become one of the most important concerns in endoscopy centers, proper reprocessing of endoscopes has attracted great interest. Compliance with established guidelines for reprocessing is critical to prevent pathogen transmission. However, hospital compliance with guidelines has not been satisfactory. To increase compliance, efforts have focused on developing new and more innovative disinfectants and an automated endoscope reprocessor. Reprocessing must be performed by appropriately trained personnel and regular monitoring of reprocessing is essential for quality assurance to improve compliance.

Citations

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Efficient endoscope inner channel surface disinfection using a two-step atmospheric pressure plasma treatment
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Clinical Endoscopy.2013; 46(3): 203. CrossRef

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