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Risk factors for suspected infectious fever after diagnostic upper endoscopy: propofol overdose in a retrospective study from Korea
Sunmin Lee, Jung-Hwan Lee, Jongbeom Shin, Boram Cha, Ji-Taek Hong, Kye Sook Kwon
Clin Endosc 2025;58(5):703-711.   Published online September 23, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2024.348
Graphical AbstractGraphical Abstract AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Background
/Aims: Propofol is widely used for sedation during upper endoscopy; however, oversedation may increase the risk of complications, including aspiration pneumonia. This study aimed to determine whether propofol overdose is a risk factor for suspected postendoscopic infectious fever (SPIF).
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 1,474 in-patients who underwent upper endoscopy at Inha University Hospital between October 2021 and October 2022. After excluding 400 patients who received interventional procedures, SPIF was defined as new-onset fever (≥38 °C) within three days post-endoscopy with at least one of the following: intravenous antibiotic initiation, leukocytosis (white blood cell≥10,000/mm³), positive blood or sputum cultures, or pneumonia on chest X-ray. The risk factors assessed included comorbidities, sedative type and dosage, procedure duration, and endoscopist’s experience.
Results
New-onset fever occurred in 40 patients (3.7%), with 20 (1.9%) meeting SPIF criteria. Multivariable analysis showed propofol overdose (>2.2 mg/kg) significantly increased risks of new-onset fever (odds ratio [OR], 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00–1.06; p=0.023) and SPIF (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.00–1.04; p=0.034). Dementia (OR, 1.11, p<0.001) and prolonged procedure (>5 minutes; OR, 1.01; p=0.012) were also risk factors for SPIF.
Conclusions
Propofol overdose significantly increases the risk of SPIF. Careful sedation management is essential, especially for patients with dementia or prolonged procedures.
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Clinicopathological and endoscopic features of Helicobacter pylori infection-negative gastric cancer in Japan: a retrospective study
Kentaro Imamura, Kenshi Yao, Satoshi Nimura, Takao Kanemitsu, Masaki Miyaoka, Yoichiro Ono, Toshiharu Ueki, Hiroshi Tanabe
Clin Endosc 2024;57(4):486-494.   Published online March 22, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2023.258
Graphical AbstractGraphical Abstract AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Background
/Aims: Helicobacter pylori infection-negative gastric cancer (HPNGC) has not been systematically investigated in consecutive patients. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological and endoscopic features of HPNGC.
Methods
This single-center retrospective study selected participants from patients with gastric cancer who were treated at the Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital between January 2013 and December 2021. Only patients diagnosed with HPNGC were enrolled, and their clinicopathological and endoscopic features were analyzed in detail.
Results
The prevalence of HPNGC in the present study was 2.6% (54/2112). The types of HPNGC observed in each gastric region were as follows: advanced gastric cancer was observed in the cardia; gastric adenocarcinoma of fundic-gland differentiation, gastric adenocarcinoma of foveolar-type presenting with whitish elevation and raspberry-like foveolar-type gastric adenocarcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma arising in polyposis, and gastric adenocarcinoma with autoimmune gastritis were observed in the fundic gland region ranging from the gastric fornix to the gastric body; signet-ring cell carcinoma was observed in the gastric-pyloric transition region ranging from the lower gastric body to the gastric angle; and well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma with low-grade atypia was observed in the antrum.
Conclusions
This study revealed that tumors from each gastric region exhibited distinct macroscopic and histological types in HPNGC.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Incarceration of the Afferent Loop into the Sutured Closed Mesenteric Defect after Gastrectomy Followed by Billroth-II Reconstruction for Gastric Cancer: Two Case Reports
    Kiyotomi Maruyama, Tadaaki Shimizu, Kou Shimada, Arano Makino, Natsuhiro Morita, Tasuku Kawaguchi, Takahiro Amano, Tomoki Shirota, Kuniyuki Gomi, Motohiro Mihara
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  • Clinical and Endoscopic-Histological Features of Multifocal and Corpus-Restricted Atrophic Gastritis Patients With Non-Cardia Gastric Cancer or Dysplasia: A Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Study
    Edith Lahner, Bruno Annibale, Emanuele Dilaghi, Cristina Luciano Millado, Marco Vincenzo Lenti, Antonio Di Sabatino, Emanuela Miceli, Sara Massironi, Nicola Zucchini, Renato Cannizzaro, Stefano Realdon, Giuseppe Losurdo, Antonia Valeria Borraccino, Elisa
    Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology.2025; 16(8): e00862.     CrossRef
  • Endoscopic submucosal dissection in Helicobacter pylori-negative early gastric adenocarcinoma with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a two-case report and literature review
    Bo Zhang, Xue-Guo Sun, Qing-Juan He, Li Chen, Ti-Dong Shan
    Discover Oncology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Helicobacter pylori-Mediated Injury: The Hidden Path to Gastric Hemorrhage and Neoplasia
    Sabrina-Nicoleta Munteanu, Ana-Maria Filip, Patrick-Lazăr-Dominik Chiciudean, Monica Pantea, Simona Mocan, Anca Elena Negovan
    Microorganisms.2025; 13(10): 2392.     CrossRef
  • Is your endoscopist qualified enough to detect Helicobacter pylori-naive status?
    Sun-Young Lee
    Clinical Endoscopy.2024; 57(4): 466.     CrossRef
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  • 361 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • 5 Crossref
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Review
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography-related complications: risk stratification, prevention, and management
Clement Chun Ho Wu, Samuel Jun Ming Lim, Christopher Jen Lock Khor
Clin Endosc 2023;56(4):433-445.   Published online July 17, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2023.013
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) plays a crucial role in the management of pancreaticobiliary disorders. Although the ERCP technique has been refined over the past five decades, it remains one of the endoscopic procedures with the highest rate of complications. Risk factors for ERCP-related complications are broadly classified into patient-, procedure-, and operator-related risk factors. Although non-modifiable, patient-related risk factors allow for the closer monitoring and instatement of preventive measures. Post-ERCP pancreatitis is the most common complication of ERCP. Risk reduction strategies include intravenous hydration, rectal nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and pancreatic stent placement in selected patients. Perforation is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and prompt recognition and treatment of ERCP-related perforations are key to ensuring good clinical outcomes. Endoscopy plays an expanding role in the treatment of perforations. Specific management strategies depend on the location of the perforation and the patient’s clinical status. The risk of post-ERCP bleeding can be attenuated by preprocedural optimization and adoption of intra-procedural techniques. Endoscopic measures are the mainstay of management for post-ERCP bleeding. Escalation to angioembolization or surgery may be required for refractory bleeding. Post-ERCP cholangitis can be reduced with antibiotic prophylaxis in high risk patients. Bile culture-directed therapy plays an important role in antimicrobial treatment.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
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    Linjing Li, Kun Zhou, Hang Yin, Rongrong Bi, Lei Wang
    Updates in Surgery.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Is the Success Rate of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) ± Sphincterotomy Done for Bile Duct Stones Optimal?
    Ciprani Debora, Amar Hoda, Abusharar Majd, Lopes Trisha, Karmarkar Rahi, Almadi Ahmed, Aroori Somaiah
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    Yunyun Sun, Xia Li, Liang Chen, Jun Zhang
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  • An interpretable machine learning model for predicting the risk of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography complications in elderly patients with choledocholithiasis
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  • Nationwide Survey on Endoscopic Papillectomy for Ampullary Adenoma: Current Practices and Variability
    Hyung Ku Chon, Ik Hyun Jo, Sungjo Bang, Kihyun Ryu, Dong Wook Lee, Eaum Seok Lee, Yoon Suk Lee, Jonghyun Lee, Huapyong Kang, Tae Joo Jeon, Chang Hwan Park
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  • Dissolving the problem: Biodegradable stents as a value-driven strategy for post-ERCP pancreatitis prophylaxis in high-risk patients
    Clement Wu, Venkata Akshintala
    Pancreatology.2026; 26(3): 337.     CrossRef
  • Topical tranexamic acid and sucralfate prevent delayed bleeding after endoscopic sphincterotomy: a randomized controlled trial (with video)
    Hsueh-Chien Chiang, Jui-Wen Kang, Wei-Lun Chang, Tzu-Ling Kuo, Chien-Ming Chiang, Juei-Seng Wu, Po-Jun Chen, Chiao-Hsiung Chuang, Chiung-Yu Chen, Xi-Zhang Lin, Meng-Ying Lin
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    V. A. Katsal, M. A. Hudz, T. V. Formanchuk, V. V. Balabuieva, V. A. Maliuha, M. V. Kushkova
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  • Clinical predictive modeling for post-ERCP cholangitis in biliary stricture patients
    Bensong Duan, Weixin Ye, Yuping Shi, Suhong Yi, Dadong Wan, Yang Jiang, Liqian Xuan, Jiangfeng Hu
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    Fang Jia, Fujing Lv, Shutian Zhang
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  • Small common bile duct - the risk factor for post-ercp pancreatitis in patients with choledocholithiasis
    Ivan Mamontov, Tamara Tamm, Kostiantyn Kramarenko, Dmytro Ryabushchenko, Dmytro Sytnik, Samer Dghaili
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  • Burden and cost of post–endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis among commercially insured people undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
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  • International Digestive Endoscopy Network Consensus on the Management of Antithrombotic Agents in Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
    Seung Joo Kang, Chung Hyun Tae, Chang Seok Bang, Cheol Min Shin, Young-Hoon Jeong, Miyoung Choi, Joo Ha Hwang, Yutaka Saito, Philip Wai Yan Chiu, Rungsun Rerknimitr, Christopher Khor, Vu Van Khien, Kee Don Choi, Ki-Nam Shim, Geun Am Song, Oh Young Lee
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  • Risk factors for acute pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: a retrospective single-center study
    I.М. Mamontov, D.D. Rjabushhenko, Т.І. Tamm, К.О. Kramarenko, V.V. Nepomniashchyi, A.T. Ustinov
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  • 18,229 View
  • 679 Download
  • 28 Web of Science
  • 36 Crossref
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Case Report
Rare and Fatal Gastrointestinal Mucormycosis (Zygomycosis) in a COVID-19 Patient: A Case Report
Epifanio Silvino do Monte Junior, Marcos Eduardo Lera dos Santos, Igor Braga Ribeiro, Gustavo de Oliveira Luz, Elisa Ryoka Baba, Bruno Salomão Hirsch, Mateus Pereira Funari, Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux de Moura
Clin Endosc 2020;53(6):746-749.   Published online November 19, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2020.180
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) quickly spread to all continents. However, data regarding all the signs and symptoms of COVID-19 are insufficient. Patients with COVID-19 might present higher susceptibility to fungal coinfections. Mucormycosis is a rare and often life-threatening fungal disease characterized by vascular invasion by hyphae, resulting in thrombosis and necrosis. This is the first case report of mucormycosis in a COVID-19 patient. An 86-year-old male patient was admitted to the emergency room with acute diarrhea, cough, dyspnea, and fever from 5 days prior. Blood tests revealed a hemoglobin level of 14.3 mg/dL. Five days following the admission, the patient presented with melena and a hemoglobin level of 5.6 mg/dL. A transfusion of three units of red blood cells was required. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed two giant gastric ulcers with necrotic debris and a deep hemorrhagic base without active bleeding. Furthermore, biopsies confirmed mucormycosis. Despite intensive care, the patient died 36 hours after the esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

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    Yudhyavir Singh, Venkata Ganesh, Shailendra Kumar, Nishant Patel, Richa Aggarwala, Kapil Dev Soni, Anjan Trikha
    Cureus.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Deepak Garg, Valliappan Muthu, Inderpaul Singh Sehgal, Raja Ramachandran, Harsimran Kaur, Ashish Bhalla, Goverdhan D. Puri, Arunaloke Chakrabarti, Ritesh Agarwal
    Mycopathologia.2021; 186(2): 289.     CrossRef
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    Lav Selarka, Suktara Sharma, Dinesh Saini, Sanjay Sharma, Amit Batra, Vishal T. Waghmare, Pratibha Dileep, Sanket Patel, Monarch Shah, Tejas Parikh, Prakash Darji, Amit Patel, Gaurav Goswami, Anand Shah, Sandeep Shah, Harsh Lathiya, Moksha Shah, Pranita S
    Mycoses.2021; 64(10): 1253.     CrossRef
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    Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq, Saad Alhumaid, Abeer N. Alshukairi, Mohamad-Hani Temsah, Mazin Barry, Abbas Al Mutair, Ali A. Rabaan, Awadh Al-Omari, Raghavendra Tirupathi, Manaf AlQahtani, Salma AlBahrani, Kuldeep Dhama
    Infection.2021; 49(5): 833.     CrossRef
  • COVID-19 Associated Rhino-Orbital Mucormycosis Complicated by Gangrenous and Bone Necrosis—A Case Report from Honduras
    Elsa Yolanda Palou, María Auxiliadora Ramos, Emec Cherenfant, Adoni Duarte, Itzel Carolina Fuentes-Barahona, Lysien I. Zambrano, Fausto Muñoz-Lara, Sandra Aracely Montoya-Ramirez, Alex Francisco Cardona-Ortiz, Jorge Alberto Valle-Reconco, Juan J. Monteneg
    Vaccines.2021; 9(8): 826.     CrossRef
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    Sergiu Andrei Iordache, Adrian Cursaru, Bogdan Şerban, Mihnea Ioan Gabriel Popa
    Romanian Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology.2021; 4(1): 9.     CrossRef
  • Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis: India Versus the Rest of the World
    Valliappan Muthu, Shivaprakash M. Rudramurthy, Arunaloke Chakrabarti, Ritesh Agarwal
    Mycopathologia.2021; 186(6): 739.     CrossRef
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    Ahmet Dilek, Resat Ozaras, Sevket Ozkaya, Mustafa Sunbul, Elif Itir Sen, Hakan Leblebicioglu
    Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease.2021; 44: 102148.     CrossRef
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    Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales, Carlos S. Mamani-García, Janeth N. Nuñez-Lupaca, Darwin A. León-Figueroa, Mely Olarte-Durand, Robinson A. Yrene-Cubas, Diana M. Ticona, Sebastian Abanto-Urbano
    Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease.2021; 44: 102156.     CrossRef
  • Overview on the Prevalence of Fungal Infections, Immune Response, and Microbiome Role in COVID-19 Patients
    Maryam Roudbary, Sunil Kumar, Awanish Kumar, Lucia Černáková, Fatemeh Nikoomanesh, Célia F. Rodrigues
    Journal of Fungi.2021; 7(9): 720.     CrossRef
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    Faezeh Mohammadi, Milad Badri, Shapoor Safari, Nima Hemmat
    BMC Infectious Diseases.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Abhishek Sharma, Gulnaz Bano, Abdul Malik
    Indian Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology.2021; 8(3): 189.     CrossRef
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    Swapnali Zore
    International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology.2021; : 104.     CrossRef
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    Farah Yasmin, Hala Najeeb, Aisha Naeem, Kartik Dapke, Rachana Phadke, Muhammad Sohaib Asghar, Syed Muhammad Ismail Shah, Domenico De Berardis, Irfan Ullah
    Diseases.2021; 9(4): 65.     CrossRef
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    Salman Hussain, Harveen Baxi, Abanoub Riad, Jitka Klugarová, Andrea Pokorná, Simona Slezáková, Radim Líčeník, Abul Kalam Najmi, Miloslav Klugar
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(19): 10340.     CrossRef
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    Mohammed A. Alamin, Mohammed Abdulgayoom, Sushil Niraula, Elabbass Abdelmahmuod, Ashraf O. Ahmed, Mohammed I. Danjuma
    IDCases.2021; 26: e01293.     CrossRef
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    Abanoub Riad, Alshaimaa Ahmed Shabaan, Julien Issa, Sally Ibrahim, Hatem Amer, Yossef Mansy, Islam Kassem, Amira Bisher Kassem, Hans-Peter Howaldt, Miloslav Klugar, Sameh Attia
    Journal of Fungi.2021; 7(10): 837.     CrossRef
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    Clinical Case Reports.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Journal of Fungi.2021; 7(11): 921.     CrossRef
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    John W Baddley, George R Thompson, Sharon C -A Chen, P Lewis White, Melissa D Johnson, M Hong Nguyen, Ilan S Schwartz, Andrej Spec, Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner, Brendan R Jackson, Thomas F Patterson, Peter G Pappas
    Open Forum Infectious Diseases.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Jugal Sutradhar, Bapi Ray Sarkar
    Journal of Acute Disease.2021; 10(6): 221.     CrossRef
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    World Journal of Clinical Cases.2021; 9(36): 11338.     CrossRef
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    Manas Pustake, Purushottam Giri, Mohammad Arfat Ganiyani
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    Indian Journal of Ophthalmology.2021; 69(12): 3678.     CrossRef
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Cytomegalovirus Colitis with Ulcerative Colitis in the Steroid Naïve Immunocompetent Patient
Hyo Keun Lee, M.D., Won Ki Bae, M.D., Woo Sun Rou, M.D., Tae Jun Song, M.D., Nam-Hoon Kim, M.D., Kyung-Ah Kim, M.D., June Sung Lee, M.D. and Mee Joo, M.D.*
Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;41(6):385-389.   Published online December 30, 2010
AbstractAbstract PDF
Ulcerative colitis is an idiopathic chronic inflammatory bowel disease that exclusively involves the colon. It is characterized by diffuse mucosal inflammation and a recurrent course of remission and relapse. Factors such as smoking, diet, genetic factors and miocrobial infection have all been suggested as causes of ulcerative colitis. One of the important issues in the treatment of ulcerative colitis is opportunistic infection associated with the usage of corticosteroid and immunosuppresant. In most cases, opportunistic cytomegalovirus infection after treatment with corticosteroid or immunosuppressant worsens the course of ulcerative colitis. However, cytomegalovirus infection is uncommon in immunocompetent patients and it is rare in immunocompetent patients with corticosteroid naive ulcerative colitis. We report here on a case in which an immunocompetent patient was newly diagnosed with ulcerative colitis and cytomegalovirus coinfection simultaneously. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;41:385-389)
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  • 14 Download
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A Case of an Intestinal Pseudo-obstruction in Post-encephalitis Mental Retardation
Ji Hyung Nam, M.D., Yun Jeong Lim, M.D., Jung Bae Park, M.D., Su Yeon Park, M.D.* and Jin Ho Lee, M.D.
Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2008;37(4):288-292.   Published online October 30, 2008
AbstractAbstract PDF
A 44-year-old female patient, with developmental disabilities and mental retardation after central nervous system (CNS) infection during infancy, presented with a complaint of severe abdominal distension and weight loss for the past two months. The patient was diagnosed with an intestinal pseudo-obstruction, based on radiological findings and an endoscopic finding of marked gaseous distension of the stomach and the small bowel without stenosis and mechanical obstruction. The patient had delayed gastrointestinal mobility. We report a case of an intestinal pseudo-obstruction accompanied with mental retardation after CNS infection. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2008;37:288-292)
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