Clinical Endoscopy

Original Article

Improved visibility of palisade vessels within Barrett’s esophagus using red dichromatic imaging: a retrospective cross-sectional study in Japan: Chise Ueda, Shinwa Tanaka, Tetsuya Yoshizaki, Hirofumi Abe, Masato Kinoshita, Hiroya Sakaguchi, Hiroshi Takayama, Hitomi Hori, Ryosuke Ishida, Shinya Houki, Hiroshi Tanabe, Eri Nishikawa, Madoka Takao, Toshitatsu Takao, Yoshinori Morita, Takashi Toyonaga, Yuzo Kodama; Received May 13, 2024 Accepted August 8, 2024 Published online November 11, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2024.122 [Epub ahead of print]

Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Background
/Aims: Visualization of palisade vessels (PVs) in Barrett’s esophagus is crucial for proper assessment. This study aimed to determine whether red dichromatic imaging (RDI) improves PV visibility compared with white-light imaging (WLI) and narrow-band imaging (NBI).
Methods
Five expert and trainee endoscopists evaluated the PV visibility in Barrett’s esophagus using WLI, NBI, and RDI on 66 images from 22 patients. Visibility was rated on a 4-point scale: 4, excellent; 3, good; 2, fair; and 1, poor. The color difference between the most recognizable PV spots and surrounding areas with undetectable blood vessels was also analyzed.
Results
Mean visibility scores were 2.6±0.7, 2.3±0.6, and 3.4±0.4 for WLI, NBI, and RDI, respectively. The RDI scores were significantly higher than the WLI (p<0.001) and NBI (p<0.001) scores. These differences were recognized by trainees and expert endoscopists. Color differences in PVs were 7.74±4.96 (WLI), 10.43±5.09 (NBI), and 15.1±6.54 (RDI). The difference in RDI was significantly higher than that in WLI (p<0.001) and NBI (p=0.006).
Conclusions
RDI significantly improved PV visibility compared to WLI and NBI based on objective and subjective measures.

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Review

Image-enhanced endoscopy in upper gastrointestinal disease: focusing on texture and color enhancement imaging and red dichromatic imaging: Jae Yong Park; Received June 14, 2024 Accepted July 21, 2024 Published online November 6, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2024.159 [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Endoscopic examination plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) tract diseases. Despite advancements in endoscopic imaging, the detection of subtle early cancers and premalignant lesions using white-light imaging alone remains challenging. This review discusses two novel image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) techniques–texture and color enhancement imaging (TXI) and red dichromatic imaging (RDI)–and their potential applications in UGI diseases. TXI enhances texture, brightness, and color tone, which improves the visibility of mucosal irregularities and facilitates earlier detection of neoplastic lesions. Studies have suggested that TXI enhances the color differences between lesions and the surrounding mucosa and improves the visibility of the lesion. TXI aids in the diagnosis of various UGI diseases, including early gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, premalignant conditions such as atrophic gastritis and Barrett’s esophagus, and duodenal tumors. RDI utilizes specific wavelengths to enhance the visualization of deep blood vessels or bleeding points, aiding in the rapid and accurate identification of bleeding sources during endoscopic procedures. Although promising, TXI and RDI require further large-scale studies across diverse populations to establish their clinical utility, diagnostic performance, and cost-effectiveness before integration into the guidelines. Standardized training is also required for effective utilization. Overall, these IEE techniques has the potential to improve the diagnosis and management of UGI.

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