Clinical Endoscopy

Huge Liposarcoma of Esophagus Resected by Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: Case Report with Video: Inku Yo, Jun-Won Chung, Myung Ho Jeong, Jong Joon Lee, Jungsuk An, Kwang An Kwon, Min Young Rim, Ki Baik Hahm; Clin Endosc 2013;46(3):297-300. Published online May 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2013.46.3.297

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Liposarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas occurring in adults, but it rarely occurs in the gastrointestinal tract and more uncommonly in the esophagus. To the best of our knowledge, there are only 19 reported cases of esophageal liposarcoma in the literature published in English language up to the year 2008, and they were all treated by surgical methods. Here, we report a case of primary liposarcoma of the esophagus which was treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). ESD was well tolerated in this patient, suggesting that it may be a therapeutic option for primary esophageal sarcomas.

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Thoracoscopic resection of a huge esophageal dedifferentiated liposarcoma: A case report
Yi-Wang Ye, Meng-Ying Liao, Zhi-Min Mou, Xiao-Xin Shi, Yuan-Cai Xie
World Journal of Clinical Cases.2020; 8(9): 1698. CrossRef
Giant pedunculated oesophageal liposarcomas: A review of literature and resection techniques
Y. Annalisa Ng, June Lee, X.J. Zheng, J.C. Nagaputra, S.H. Tan, S.A. Wong
International Journal of Surgery Case Reports.2019; 64: 113. CrossRef
Ungewöhnlicher Ösophagustumor
A. Tobisch, C. Taylessani, G. Puhl
Der Chirurg.2018; 89(10): 822. CrossRef
Successful resection of giant esophageal liposarcoma by endoscopic submucosal dissection combined with surgical retrieval: a case report and literature review
Gosuke Takiguchi, Tetsu Nakamura, Yasunori Otowa, Ayako Tomono, Shingo Kanaji, Taro Oshikiri, Satoshi Suzuki, Tsukasa Ishida, Yoshihiro Kakeji
Surgical Case Reports.2016;[Epub] CrossRef
Giant liposarcoma of the esophagus: A case report
Zhi-Chao Lin
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2015; 21(33): 9827. CrossRef
A Pedunculated Giant Esophageal Liposarcoma: a Case Report and Literature Review
A. Dowli, A. Mattar, H. Mashimo, Q. Huang, D. Cohen, P.M. Fisichella, A. Lebenthal
Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.2014; 18(12): 2208. CrossRef
Malignant Dysphagia Treated by Esophageal Sparing Surgery with Good Prognosis
F. J. R. Teixeira, A. V. Reis, R. S. S. Medeiros, E. H. Akaishi, V. C. Moutinho, S. D. Couto Netto, T. M. Andrade Lima, A. L. F. Perina, F. O. Ferreira, G. O. Mendes, M. P. Lallé, E. M. Utiyama
Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer.2014; 45(S1): 241. CrossRef

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Retroperitoneal Synovial Sarcoma Manifested by Obstructive Jaundice in an Elderly Woman: Case Report: Dae Ho Kim, Kwang Ro Joo, Jae Myung Cha, Hyun Phil Shin, Joung Il Lee, Jae Jun Park, Hyun Soo Kim, Dal Mo Yang; Clin Endosc 2012;45(4):428-430. Published online November 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2012.45.4.428

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Synovial sarcoma is a rare type of soft tissue sarcoma that arises in tissues containing synovial fluid, usually in the extremities. It has only rare occurrence in the retroperitoneal space. Early detection of retroperitoneal synovial sarcoma is difficult, since the retroperitoneal space is highly expandable and deeply hidden. Furthermore, the presenting symptoms are often vague and nonspecific, and are related to the pressure on adjacent structures. In this study, we present an unusual case of retroperitoneal synovial sarcoma with obstructive jaundice due to intrabiliary blood clots caused by invasion of bile duct by tumor. The obstructive jaundice was relieved through endoscopic removal of the blood clots and insertion of a biliary stent.

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Primary retroperitoneal synovial sarcoma (RSS): A case report
Sarra Ben Rejeb, Safia Sakly, Majdi Ben Romdhane, Mehdi Charfi, Adnen Chouchen
International Journal of Surgery Case Reports.2025; 127: 110982. CrossRef
Management of primary retroperitoneal synovial sarcoma: A case report and review of literature
Aikaterini Mastoraki, Dimitrios Schizas, Ioannis S Papanikolaou, George Bagias, Nikolaos Machairas, George Agrogiannis, Theodore Liakakos, Nikolaos Arkadopoulos
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.2019; 11(1): 27. CrossRef
Intrapelvic Retroperitoneal Synovial Sarcoma in a 15-Year-Old Adolescent Girl: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Stan A. Bessems, Maarten van Heinsbergen, Paul H. Nijhuis, Kees C.P. van de Ven, Frits Aarts
Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology.2019; 41(8): 627. CrossRef
Primary Monophasic Synovial Sarcoma of the Liver in a 13-Year-Old Boy
Bo Xiong, Min Chen, Feng Ye, Zhuxue Zhang, Lijuan Yin, Huifen Huang, Huijiao Chen, Hongying Zhang
Pediatric and Developmental Pathology.2013; 16(5): 353. CrossRef

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A Case of High-grade Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma with Metastasis to the Stomach: Si Young You, M.D., In Sook Woo, M.D., Yun Ji Kim, M.D., Si Eun Kong, M.D., Hyung Woo Kim, M.D., Jin Il Kim, M.D., Chi Hwa Han, M.D. and Youn Soo Lee, M.D.*; Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;41(4):219-223. Published online October 30, 2010

Abstract PDF: To our knowledge, this is the first report of case of high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma metastasized to the stomach. Endometrial stromal sarcoma is very rare, accounting for 0.2% of female genital tract malignancies. High-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma demonstrates more frequent infiltration into the muscle layer of the uterus or metastasis to other organs, having a poorer prognosis than low grade disease. During its clinical course, endometrial stromal sarcoma may involve ovary, fallopian tube and pelvic cavity. Distant metastasis to lung, liver, bladder, breast, heart, brain and bones have been reported. However, to the best of our knowledge, high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma presenting with gastric metastasis has never been reported. We now report a case of a 52-year-old woman with previously diagnosed lung metastasis having stomach metastasis from endometrial stromal sarcoma of the uterus. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;41:219-223)

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A Case of Rectal Leiomyosarcoma Presenting as a Semipedunculated Polypoid Mass: Sang Heon Lee, M.D., Ji Hyun Kim, M.D., Jeong Ah Seo, M.D., Sung Soo Moon, M.D., Hyoun Gu Kang, M.D. and Sang Young Seol, M.D.; Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;41(2):118-122. Published online August 30, 2010

Abstract PDF: Rectal leiomyosarcoma is an extremely rare disease. Anal bleeding, rectal pain and a sensation of pressure in the anus are the most common symptoms. It tends to form a polypoid intraluminal mass and commonly originates from the muscularis propria, but may arise from the muscularis mucosa, or in the walls of the blood vessels. Characteristically, leiomyosarcoma has very high mitotic activity and is, on immunohistochemical staining, positive for actin and desmin, but negative for c-kit and S-100. We experienced a case of a rectal leiomyosarcoma in a 54 year-old man who presented with anal bleeding. Colonoscopic examination revealed a 4.5 cm-sized semipedunculated polypoid mass at mid-rectum. We confirmed that it was a leiomyosarcoma histologically by endoscopic resection with mechanical snaring. Low anterior resection followed by radiation therapy was performed. We report here on this case with a review of the relevant literature. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;41:118-122)

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A Case of Leiomyosarcoma of the Sigmoid Colon Presenting as Intussusception: Su Hyun Cho, M.D., Jong Hoon Lee, M.D., Seok Reyol Choi, M.D., Yang Hyun Baek, M.D., Hyun Ah Yoon, M.D., Chang Jae Lee, M.D., Se Woong Choi, M.D. and Jin Han, M.D.; Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;40(4):270-274. Published online April 30, 2010

Abstract PDF: Leiomyosarcomas are malignant tumors of smooth muscle. Leiomyosarcomas of the large intestine are rare, with an incidence of less than 0.1% of all colorectal malignancies. A 70-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with lower abdominal pain and hematochezia. The abdominal CT scan revealed a solid mass in the sigmoid colon and intussusception with a lead point. Surgical excision of the sigmoid colon mass was performed. The patient was diagnosed with a leiomyosarcoma originating from the sigmoid colon. Few cases of primary sigmoid colon leiomyosarcoma presenting as an intussusception have been reported in the medical literature. We report here on a case of complete surgical resection for a leiomyosarcoma of the sigmoid colon and this presented as intussusception. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2010;40:270-274)

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A Case of Polypoid Esophageal Carcinosarcoma with Spontaneous Resected Stalk: Seok Woo Kang, M.D.^†, Chel Yoon, M.D.^†, Doo Geun Chai, M.D.^†, Jae Hawn Kim, M.D., Sung Yeun Yang, M.D., Su Kyoung Kwon, M.D. and Soo Im Choi, M.D.*; Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2007;35(6):435-440. Published online December 30, 2007

Abstract PDF: Carcinosarcomas of the esophagus are rare malignant neoplasms that consist of both carcinomatous and sarcomatous components, which comprise approximately 1∼2% of all esophageal neoplasms. Usually, esophageal carcinosarcomas are the polypoid type, and patients with esophageal carcinosarcoma have progressive dysphagia. The multiplicity in terminology appears to be related to the uncertain histogenesis of these tumors. We report a case of a polypoid esophageal carcinosarcoma with a spontaneous resected stalk in a 45 year-old male patient who presented with progressive dysphagia and weight loss. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2007;35:435-440)

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A Case of Pseudosarcomatous Change of an Inflammatory Colon Polyp Associated with Tuberculous Colitis: Hyo June Kwon, M.D., Jung Sik Choi, M.D., Jong Ho Hwang, M.D., Hong Seok Choi, M.D., Sang Yong Lee, M.D., Sang Ho Lee, M.D. and Kyung Un Choi, M.D., Ph.D.*; Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2007;35(1):51-55. Published online July 30, 2007

Abstract PDF: "Pseudosarcomatous change" occurs when sarcoma-like atypical cell hyperplasia is grossly indistinguishable from malignant tumor. Pseudosarcoma often exists in those areas of the gastrointestinal track where ulcer or erosion commonly takes place. This may indicate atypical granulomatous cell proliferation during a period of healing, as well as benign atypical change in the mesenchyme due to chronic inflammatory reaction. Both the visual appearance and intestinal involvement of tuberculous colitis are variable, and tuberculosis may result in reactive mesenchymal change associated with ulcer or polyp, which is that's induced by chronic inflammation. We report here on a case of a young female pulmonary tuberculosis patient who suffered with a pseudosarcoma of the ascending colon, and this was associated with tuberculous colitis. The patient underwent successful sugical resection. We report on this case, along with a review of the relevant literature.

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A Case of Hepatic Angiosarcoma Presenting as Submucosal Tumor Resulting from Gastric Invasion: Hwa Mi Kang, M.D., Jung Nam Lee, M.D., Min Woong Kim, M.D., Chi Hoon Kim, M.D., Jong Hwan Park, M.D., Ji Hoon Yoon, M.D., Hyung Wook Kim, M.D., Seung Keun Park, M.D., Hee Ug Park, M.D. and Hye Sook Kim, M.D.*; Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2005;31(4):257-262. Published online October 30, 2005

Abstract PDF: Angiosarcoma accounts for 1% of all soft tissue sarcoma. Common sites of occurrence include the skin, breast, soft tissue, and liver. It metastasizes to the lungs, bone, and spleen. The cause of hepatic angiosarcoma in the 60% of cases is unknown, although specific risk factors such as vinyl chloride, arsenic, thorotrast and external-beam irradiation have been identified. Since 1986, about eight cases of hepatic angiosarcoma have been reported in Korea, but it had not been reported in which the hepatic angiosarcoma invaded to the stomach, yet. So we report a case of histopathologically confirmed primary hepatic angiosarcoma with gastric involvement. In this case, a sixtythree-year-old female was presented with indigestion and epigastric soreness for 1 year. Endoscopic examination of the stomach revealed a submucosal tumor-like protruding mass from the antrum to angle. The mucosal surface showed severe hyperemia and shallow ulcerative change was seen. Endoscopic biopsy and percutaneous liver biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of hepatic angiosarcoma invading the gastric wall. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2005;31:257⁣262)

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A Case of Metastatic Gastric Synovial Sarcoma: Yong Leul Oh, M.D., Yoon Tae Jeen, M.D., Yong Sik Kim, M.D., Rok Son Choung, M.D., Young Sun Kim, M.D., Chul Hee Park, M.D., Hoon Jai Chun, M.D., Hong Sik Lee, M.D., Sang Woo Lee, M.D., Soon Ho Um, M.D., Jai Hyun Choi, M.D., Chang Duck Kim, M.D., Ho Sang; Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2003;27(6):536-540. Published online December 30, 2003

Abstract PDF: Synovial sarcomas are malignant soft tissue neoplasms that develop from tendon and bursa near the large joints and frequently occur in the lower extremities of young male adults. They usually recur within 2 years after surgical treatment. The lung is a common metastatic site and rarely reported as the primary site of synovial sarcoma. The stomach is a very rare primary site of synovial sarcoma and recently only two cases of primary gastric synovial sarcoma were reported. We report a case of metastatic gastric synovial sarcoma in a 53-year-old male 4 years after surgical treatment of primary lung synovial sarcoma. The tumor had histologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features of biphasic synovial sarcoma of the soft tissue. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2003;27:536⁣540)

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A Case of Kaposi's Sarcoma of the Stomach and Duodenum in an AIDS Patient: Hee Seok Moon, M.D., Ki Oh Park, M.D., Yeum Seok Lee, M.D., Sun Moon Kim, M.D., Jae Kyu Sung, M.D., Yean Sook Kim, M.D., Geu Sang Song, M.D.* and Hyun Yong Jeong, M.D.; Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2003;27(3):148-152. Published online September 30, 2003

Abstract PDF: Kaposi's sarcoma, a rare tumor, usually presents itself with skin lesions. There is, however, an increased incidence in patients using immunosupressive drugs and with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Gastrointestinal Kaposi's sarcoma is usually asymptomatic, but may cause massive intestinal hemorrhage, perforation, intestinal obstruction, intussusception, protein-losing enteropathy, or sepsis. The gastroscopic appearances of Kaposi's sarcoma range from reddish purple maculopapules to polypoid, umbilicated nodule. In Korea, 3 case's of gastrointestinal kaposi's sarcoma have been reported so far. We experienced a 45-year-old man, who was positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodiy and developed Kaposi's sarcoma. A case of gastrointestinal Kaposi's sarcoma treated with paclitaxel is herein reported with the endoscopic findings before and after chemotherapy.

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십이지장에서 발생한 골외성 Ewing 씨 육종 1 예: Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2001;23(5):365-365. Published online November 30, 2000

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위에 발생한 평활근육종 2예 ( Two Cases of Leiomyosarcoma in Stomach ): Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2000;21(2):633-637. Published online November 30, 1999

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후천성 면역 결핍증 환자에서 위장관을 침범한 카포시 육종: Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2000;20(5):420-420. Published online November 30, 1999

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위 악성 평활근 육종: Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2000;20(5):387-387. Published online November 30, 1999

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췌장을 침습한 위의 암육종 1 예 (A Case of Gastric Carcinosarcoma with Pancreatic ): Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 1999;19(1):107-110. Published online November 30, 1998

Abstract PDF: Carcinosarcoma of the stomach is regarded as a rare malignant neoplasm composed of both carcinomatous and sarcomatous components in a given tumor. Few cases have been reported since 1904. This is a case of carcinosarcoma of the stomach in a 61-year-old man. He suffered from indigestion, vomiting, and epigastric pain. Endoscopic finding showed a huge protruding mass with intact mucosa on the posterior wall of the antrum up to the pylorus. Surgery was performed and carcinosarcoma with pancreatic invasion was confirmed by pathology. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 19: 107 ∼110, 1999)

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증례 : 식도 위장관 ; 출혈을 동반한 위 평활근육종 1예 ( Case Reports : Esophagus , Stomach & Intestine ; A Case of Gastric Leiomyosarcoma with Bleeding ): Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 1998;18(5):745-749. Published online November 30, 1997

Abstract PDF: Leiomyosarcoma accounts for 1-3% of all the gastric malignancies. The most common clinical presentation of gastric leiomyosarcoma is gastrointestinal hemorrhage due to tumor ulceration. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice for gastrointestinal sarcomas and the appropriate surgical management requires deliberate efforts for complete excision of the tumor with an adequate margin of normal tissue. A 70-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital due to a melena persisting for 7 days. A gastrofiberscopy was performed and a large normal mucosa covered lobulated mass with deep multiple round ulcers were found in the fundus. A slightly protruding vessel was visible on the base of the posterior wall of the fundus. An abdominal CT revealed a heterogenous mass with irregular multifocal necrotic portions in the fundus. During on operation, a tumorous mass was found in the fundus. The liver was free of metastasis and lymphadenopathy was not discovered. A total gastrectomy, omentectomy, and an end to end esophagojejunostomy were performed. The pathologic diagnosis determined a high grade leiomyosarcoma. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 18: 745-749, 1998)

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증례 : 식도 위장관 ; 식도 방추상세포암종 1예 ( Case Reports : Esophagus , Stomach & Intestine ; A Case of Spindle Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus ): Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 1998;18(5):691-697. Published online November 30, 1997

Abstract PDF: Spindle cell carcinoma of the esophagus containing both carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements is rare, accounting for approximately 1- 2% of all esophageal neoplasms. Terms used to describe this lesion include carcinosarcoma, pseudosarcoma, polypoid carcinoma, pseudosarcomatous squamous cell carcinoma and spindle cell variant of squamous cell carcinoma. Spindle cell carcinomas were originally classified as carcinosarcomas or pseu- dosarcomas, depending on the morphology and bilologic behavior of the particular lesian. However, pseudosarcoma and carcinosarcoma appear to be the same pathologic entity with varying degrees of anaplastic spindle cell metaplasia of the carcinomatous portion of the tumor. Thus, these lesions have been clsssified together as spindle cell carcinomas. A 59 year-old man who experienced weight loss for 4 months was hospitalized as a result of suffering from dysphagia for 2 months. A diffuse bulky protruding mass with superficial ulceration and easy friability on 25 to 35 cm from the incisors, which invaded the right intermediate bronchus and involved the right paratracheal and subcarnial lymph nodes, were obsetved in esophagogram, endoscopy and chest CT. Pathologic finding, including immunoreactivity to cytokeratin and vimentin, was consistent with spindle cell carcinoma. We report a case of spindle cell carcinoma of the esophagus, (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 18: 691-697, 1998)

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증례 : 식도 위장관 ; 대장의 혈관이형성증과 동반된 십이지장 평활근육종 1예 ( Case Reports : Esophagus , Stomach & Intestine ; A Case of Duodenal Leiomyosarcoma in a Patient with Colonic Angioysplasia ): Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 1998;18(3):403-407. Published online November 30, 1997

Abstract PDF: Angiodysplasia is probably responsible for 2.6-6.2% of cases involving of lower gastrointestinal bleeding and 1.2-8.0% of cases involving hemorrhages from the upper GI tract. Small bowel neoplasia is rare, accounting for about 5% of gastrointestinal tumors overall and 2-3% of all malignacies. The third most common malignany of the small bowel is the sarcoma, of which the leiomyosarcoma is the most frequent. A 54-year-old male patient was admitted with the chief complaints of dizziness and headache during 2 months. Laboratory findings revealed iron deficiency anemia. A superior mesenteric arteriography found an intensive vascular stained mass in the hepatic flexure. A celiac artery angiography discovered a irregulary vascular stained lesion in the Ll vertebral level. A colonoscopy located a 10 mm sized angiodysplasia in the right colon. According to these findings, we presumed that these lesions are a colonic angiodysplasia and a suspicious duodenal lesion. The operation was perfomed. The final diagnosis was a colonic angiodysplasia combined with leiomyosarcoma of the duodenum. The rarity of this case is emphasized and the literative reviewed. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 18: 403-407, 1998)

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증례 : 식도 위장관 ; 식도 암육종 1예 ( Case Reports : Esophagus , Stomach & Intestine ; A Case of Carcinosarcoma of Esophagus ): Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 1997;17(2):155-161. Published online November 30, 1996

Abstract PDF: More than 17 different terms, including carcinosatcoma and pseudosarcoma, have been applied to the rare polypoid tumors of the esophagus that demonstrate both carcinomatous and sarcomatous components. The multiplicity in terminology seems related to the uncertain histogenesis of these tumors. A demonstration of the ultrastructure of the spindle cells (containing desmosomes and tonofilaments) is consistent with an epithelial origin. The patient was a 53 year-old man who had suffered from dysphagia and foreign body sensation in larynx. Endoscopic finding was a large polypiod mass with ulceroinfiltrative lesion at the level of 27cm from the incisor. Pathologic findings were that the covering epithelium showed well differentiated squamous carcinoma with invasive pattern and the stroma contained islands of sarcoma and squamousl cell carcinoma. Immunoreactivity to cytokeratin was not observed. Partial esophagectomy and esophagogastrostomy was done. We report a case of rare malignant esophageal carcinosarcoma. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 17: 155-159, 1997)

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증례 : 식도 위장관 ; 유경성 식도 지방 육종 1예 보고 ( Case Reports : Esophagus , Stomach & Intestine ; A Case of Pedunculated Liposarcoma in Esophagus - A case report - ): Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 1997;17(1):41-47. Published online November 30, 1996

Abstract PDF: Liposarcoma in esophagus is rare, moreover the pedunculated form is very rare. We experienced a case of liposarcoma in a 36-year-old man who had intermittent swallowing difficulty for 7 months. Endoscopy and esophagography revealed that a smooth longitudinal tumor mass occupied the esophageal lumen. Esophagotomy and surgical excision was done. The tumor was 4 cm in length and 3 cm in average diameter with an obvious stalk measuring 3.5 cm in length and 1.5 cm in diameter. Microscopic examination disclosed a lipoma with focal ulceration and liposarcomatous change infiltrating into interstitial fibrous tissue at its distal end. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 17: 41-46, 1997)

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증례 : 소장 내시경으로 진단된 공장 평활근 육종 출혈 1예 ( Case Reports : A Case of Bleeding from Jejunal Leiomyosarcoma Diagnosed with Small Bowel Enteroscopy ): Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 1995;15(3):539-544. Published online November 30, 1994

Abstract PDF: In the evaluation of the source of occult bleeding, it is mandatory that the small bowel be investigated. But, the small bowel is the area where endoscopic approach is most difficult. The endoscopic evaluation of the small intestine has rapidly evolved over the last 10 years and now includes many of the diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities of standard endoscopic procedures. Various techniques have been developed, including fiberoptic sonde enteroscopy, retrograde ileoscopy, intraoperative enteroscopy, "push" enteroscopy using a pediatric colonoscope, and video enterocopy. Therefore, the small bowel enteroscope has shown great promise in the evaluation of obscure or persistent gastrointestinal bleeding. We have experienced a case of bleeding from jejunal leiomyosarcoma, which diagnosed with small bowel enteroscopy. So we report the case with a brief review of literature.

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증례 : 십이지장에서 발생한 평활근육종 1예 ( Case Reports : A Case of Duodenal Leiomyosarcoma ): Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 1995;15(3):531-537. Published online November 30, 1994

Abstract PDF: Leiomyosarcoma of small intestine is an uncommon tumor, comprising less than 20 percent of all primary malignant tumors of small intestine. Duodenal leiomyosarcoma is rare disease which amount to about 20 percent of all small bowel malignancy but potentially curable tumors often diagnosed at an advanced age, so its five-year survival following resection approximates 50% in reported series. Recently, several cases of leiomyosarcomas of duodenum were diagnosed by hypotonic duodenograhy in Korea. We experienced a woman with duodenal leiomyosarcoma that was diagnosed by endoscopic duodenal biopsy and received currative resection of the tumor(Whipple's operation). We report the case with review of the literatures.

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증례 : 십이지장에 발생한 평활근육종 1예 ( Case Reports : A Case Report of Leiomyosarcoma of the Duodenum ): Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 1994;14(1):89-93. Published online November 30, 1993

Abstract PDF: Leiomyosarcoma of the duodenum is an uncommon tumor and have not specific symptoms and signs, almost all cases of tumor were diagnosed in operating room. This tumor is generally firm, relatively well encapsulated, lobulated and often soft if they undergo hemorrhagic necrosis. Most authors emphasized the relative number of mitosis as the most reliable findings of leiomyosarcoma. Recently, we experienced a case of leiomyosarcoma of duodenum which was confirmed by operative and pathological diagnosis.

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위를 침범한 Kaposi 육종 1예 ( A Case of Kaposi's Sarcoma of the Stomach ): Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 1991;11(2):303-306. Published online November 30, 1990

Abstract PDF: Kaposi's sarcoma is a rare tumor comprising 0.1 per cent of all malignancies worldwide. There is, however, an increased ineidence following renal transplantation, immunosupression and in the acquried immunodeficency syndrome(AIDS) Kaposi's sarcoma has been shown to involve every organ of the body except the brain. Gastrointesinal involvement is the most common extracutaneous site of involvement. Gaatrointesinal Kaposis sarcoma is preaent in approximately half of patients with cutaneous Kaposis sarcoma and the acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS). Although usually asymptomatic, gastrointestinal Kaposi's sarcoma may cause pain, bleeding, diarrhea, obstruction, intussusception, perforation. malabsorption, and protein-losing enteropathy. Three distinct gastroscopic appearances of Kaposi's sarcoma have been described: maculopapular, polypoid, and umbilicated nodular lesions. We report a case of Kaposis sarcoma of the stomach.

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역류성 식도염 및 식도 열공 허니아 ( Hiatal hernia ) 를 동반한 Schatzki 환 1예 ( A Case of Schatzki Ring of Esophagus Associated with Reflux Esophagitis and Hiatal Hernia ): Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 1991;11(2):235-239. Published online November 30, 1990

Abstract PDF: The Schatzki ring, a submucosal fibrotic thickening of the lower esophagus, occurs at the squamocolumnar junction and is invariably associated with an esophageal histal hernia The ring is discrete narrowing covered with squamous epithelium on its superior aspect and columnar epithelium on its inferior aspect, with various degrees of submucosal fibrosis supporting the annulair ring. Symptoms, when present, are generally those of distal esophageal obstruction to the passage of solids and highly associated with ring diameter. The pathogenesis and etlology are obscure. But one theory suggests that they are caused by gastroesophageal reflux. The vast maiority of symptomatic Schatzki rings sre ameneble to dilation, a few patients will require surgical antireflux measures after dilatation. We have experienced a case of Schatzki ring associated with reflux esophagitis and esophageal hiatal hernia by the esophagogram after barium swallowing and endoscopy. So we report this case with brief review of the previous literatures.

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미분화 소세포 성분이 포함된 식도암육종 1예 ( A Case Report of True Carcinosarcoma of the Esophagus , Which Contained Undifferentiated Small Cell Component ): Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 1991;11(2):231-234. Published online November 30, 1990

Abstract PDF: Carcinosarcoma of the esophagus is regarded as a rare malignant neoplasm composed of both carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements. Esophageal carcinosarcoma classified into 3 subgroups, pseudosarcoma, so called carcinosarcoma, and true carcinosarcoma. we report a case of large polypoid tumor consist of squamous cell carcinoma, undifferentiatred small cell and spindle cell proliferation. The patient was 47 year-old man who had suffered from dysphasia and substernal chest pain for 2 months. A protruded tumor in size of 8x4x3.5 cm with stalk was found in midesophagus at the level of 28 cm from the incisor. The tumor was round with smooth surface stained with Lugol solution. There were multiple erosions at the stalk of the tumor, Partial esophagectomy and esophagogastrostomy was done, Undifferentiated small cell was confirmed by immunoreactivity to neuron specific enolase and electron microscopic findings.

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