Esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis is a rare condition with an unknown etiology, and it is characterized by the typical morpholgic findings of multiple tiny pseudodiverticula in a portion of, or in the entire length of the esophagus. It has two peaks in incidence, the teen years and between the 5th and 7th decade. Most patients present with dysphagia, and radiological narrowing of the esophagus is commonly seen. The clinical course of this condition is benign and dilatation of any strictures, if present, results in an excellent clinical response. We report here on a case of esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis in a 76-year-old man who had a 6-year history of dysphagia, and we also include a review of the literature. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2005;31:311314)