Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection of an Inverted Pyloric Gland Adenoma Using Dental Floss and Clip Traction

Article information

Clin Endosc. 2021;54(6):935-936

Publication date (electronic) : 2020 August 31

doi : https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2020.164

Gwang Ha Kim^,1, Moon Won Lee¹, Bong Eun Lee¹, Do Youn Park²

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University College of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea

²St. Mary Pathology Laboratory, Busan, Korea

Correspondence: Gwang Ha Kim Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University College of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, 179 Gudeok-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 49241, Korea Tel: +82-51-240-7869, Fax: +82-51-244-8180, E-mail: doc0224@pusan.ac.kr

Received 2020 June 15; Revised 2020 June 29; Accepted 2020 July 12.

A gastric adenoma with low-grade dysplasia was incidentally detected during screening endoscopy in a 52-year-old woman. The endoscopy revealed a reddish elevated lesion with a diameter of 1.5 cm and an opening on the greater curvature of the upper body (Fig. 1A). Endoscopic ultrasonography of the lesion revealed a downward papillary growth into an anechoic cystic space of approximately 2 cm in size in the deep mucosal and submucosal layers (Fig. 1B). Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was performed for complete removal of the adenoma and accompanying cystic lesion (Supplementary Video 1).

Fig. 1.

(A) A reddish elevated lesion with a diameter of 1.5 cm and an opening on the greater curvature of the gastric upper body. (B) Endoscopic ultrasonography of the lesion showing a downward papillary growth into an anechoic cystic space of approximately 2 cm in size in the deep mucosal and submucosal layers. (C) During endoscopic submucosal dissection, the dissection plane is secured between the tumor and the proper muscle layer using a clip attached with dental floss. (D) The resected specimen.

After the borders of the tumor were marked, a 0.9% saline solution with indigo carmine and epinephrine was injected in the submucosal layer. Circumferential mucosal incision and submucosal dissection were then performed using a dual knife and an insulated-tipped knife. During dissection, a clip attached with dental floss was used to secure the dissection plane between the tumor and the proper muscle layer (Fig. 1C). The tumor was then completely resected (Fig. 1D).

Histopathological examination revealed that the cystic invagination of the mucosal lesion was composed of neoplastic glands with high-grade dysplasia. Most of the glandular cells had round nuclei with prominent nucleoli and mucinous columnar cytoplasm that resemble the pyloric glandular epithelium (Fig. 2). Therefore, the lesion was diagnosed as an inverted pyloric gland adenoma with high-grade dysplasia.

Fig. 2.

(A) Histopathological examination showing that the cystic invagination of the mucosal lesion is composed of neoplastic glands with high-grade dysplasia (hematoxylin and eosin stain ×12.5). (B) Most of the glandular cells have round nuclei with prominent nucleoli and mucinous columnar cytoplasm that resemble the pyloric glandular epithelium (hematoxylin and eosin stain ×200).

Pyloric gland adenoma is a rare neoplasm, and the histological resemblance of the tumor to the deep glands of the gastric mucosa near the pylorus is reflected in its name [1]. It occurs more frequently in women and in the elderly. As adenocarcinoma is detected in approximately 30% of pyloric gland adenomas [2], they are considered precancerous lesions, and endoscopic removal is indicated [3]. As described in our report, ESD using dental floss and clip traction seems to be an efficient and safe technique for inverted pyloric gland adenomas, especially when the tumor is located in the greater curvature of the upper or middle stomach [4].